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Jean Jules Linden - Stanhopea oculata

Stanhopea oculata (1885-1906)

Jean Jules Linden (Belgian, 1817-1898)
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License: All public domain files can be freely used for personal and commercial projects.
Why is this image in the public domain?
The Artist died in 1898 so this work is in the public domain in its country of origin and other countries where the copyright term is the Artist's life plus 70 years or fewer.
Jean Jules Linden

Jean Jules Linden was a Belgian botanist, explorer, horticulturist and businessman. He specialised in orchids, which he wrote a number of books about.

Jean Linden studied at the Athénée Royal in Luxembourg until 1834 and went on to the faculty of science at the Free University of Brussels. In 1835, Jean Linden put forward his name when the Belgian government invited applications from academic circles for an exploration of Latin America. As a result, Jean Linden, Nicolas Funck (1816–1896), and Auguste Ghiesbreght (1810–1893) left Antwerp on 25 September 1835 for Rio de Janeiro and arrived in Brazil on 27 December. They remained in Brazil, collecting plants and animals, returning to Belgium in March 1837. As a result of this trip, Linden's lifelong preoccupation with orchids was born.

Six months later, in September 1837, the same trio left Le Havre and reached Havana in December. The team explored Cuba and Mexico, collecting live animals and plants, until 1840. Linden suffered an acute attack of yellow fever near Laguna de Términos.

He went on several expeditions and made a detailed study of orchid growth conditions in their natural habitat. His findings revolutionised the cultivation of orchids under European conditions. Before his research, orchids were being kept at temperatures far greater than their needs, resulting in a high mortality rate. Following Linden's lead, British botanist John Lindley also made detailed observations of the habitats where he collected plants.

In Brussels, Linden was briefly the director of the Brussels zoological and botanical garden. He gradually concentrated on orchid culture, using three types of conservatory with temperatures ranging from cool to warm. Under these conditions his orchids thrived. With this success, he created an orchid empire that, at its peak, had branches in Brussels, Ghent, and Paris, winning awards at exhibitions in London, Paris, and St. Petersburg. He published exceptional books on orchids and orchid-growing.

Linden married Anna Reuter in Luxembourg on 13 October 1845. His son Lucien eventually took over all his business interests and published books on orchids before and after Jean's death.

He is commemorated in Iresine lindenii (Amaranthaceae), Phalaenopsis lindenii (Orchidaceae), and Polyrrhiza lindenii, also in the Orchidaceae.

More Illustrations in Book: Lindenia: Iconographie des orchidées (View all 165)

Cypripedium tonkinense

Cypripedium tonkinense (1885-1906)

Jean Jules Linden (Belgian, 1817-1898)
Gongora maculata

Gongora maculata (1885-1906)

Jean Jules Linden (Belgian, 1817-1898)
Phalaenopsis Stuartiana

Phalaenopsis Stuartiana (1885-1906)

Jean Jules Linden (Belgian, 1817-1898)
Dendrobium bracteosum

Dendrobium bracteosum (1885-1906)

Jean Jules Linden (Belgian, 1817-1898)
Dendrobium Falconeri

Dendrobium Falconeri (1885-1906)

Jean Jules Linden (Belgian, 1817-1898)
Cattleya kimballiana

Cattleya kimballiana (1885-1906)

Jean Jules Linden (Belgian, 1817-1898)
Odontoglossum odoratum var striatum

Odontoglossum odoratum var striatum (1885-1906)

Jean Jules Linden (Belgian, 1817-1898)
Oncidium concolor

Oncidium concolor (1885-1906)

Jean Jules Linden (Belgian, 1817-1898)
Oncidium sarcodes

Oncidium sarcodes (1885-1906)

Jean Jules Linden (Belgian, 1817-1898)
Zygopetalum intermedium

Zygopetalum intermedium (1885-1906)

Jean Jules Linden (Belgian, 1817-1898)
Odontoglossum Vexillarium

Odontoglossum Vexillarium (1885-1906)

Jean Jules Linden (Belgian, 1817-1898)
Trichocentrum Tigrinum

Trichocentrum Tigrinum (1885-1906)

Jean Jules Linden (Belgian, 1817-1898)
Cattleya schilleriana

Cattleya schilleriana (1885-1906)

Jean Jules Linden (Belgian, 1817-1898)
Dendrobium paxtoni

Dendrobium paxtoni (1885-1906)

Jean Jules Linden (Belgian, 1817-1898)
Dendrobium stratiotes

Dendrobium stratiotes (1885-1906)

Jean Jules Linden (Belgian, 1817-1898)
View all 165 Artworks

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