Jan Carel Vierpeyl or Jan Carel Vierpyl was a Flemish painter known mainly for his family portraits and genre scenes of merry and gallant companies.

Details about the life of Vierpeyl are very scarce. He was enrolled in 1698 at the Antwerp Guild of Saint Luke as a pupil of Jacob Balthasar Peeters. It has been deduced from this date that Vierpeyl was likely born somewhere between 1665 and 1685. Jacob Balthasar Peeters was an architectural painter. Balthasar van den Bossche is mentioned as another master of Vierpeyl.

The artist was active in Antwerp between 1697 and 1717 and his last known dated work is dated 1723. In 1616–1617, Josep Verduren is registered in the register of the Antwerp Guild of Saint Luke as pupil of Vierpeyl.

It is not clear whether he was related to, or even the father of, the sculptor and architect Simon Vierpyl, who is presumed to have been born in 1725 in London, where he trained with the Flemish sculptor Peter Scheemakers. A painting by Jan Carel Vierpeyl dated 1721 in the collection of the National Gallery of Ireland, which was believed in the past to depict the philosopher Francis Hutcheson and his daughter, may point to a stay in Great Britain by Jan Carel Vierpeyl. After 1723, all trace of the artist is lost.