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Stanisław Witkiewicz
Stanisław Witkiewicz

Stanisław Witkiewicz

Polish, 1851-1915
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Stanisław Witkiewicz was a Polish painter, art theoretician, and amateur architect, known for his creation of "Zakopane Style".

Witkiewicz was born in Poszawsze in Samogitia, present-day Lithuania, in the lands of the partitioned Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, ruled at the time by the Russian Empire.

As an adolescent, he spent several years in Siberian Tomsk, where his parents and two older siblings were exiled for their support of the January Uprising. He studied at the Academy of Fine Arts in Saint Petersburg (1868–1871) and furthered his studies in Munich (1872–1875). During his stay in Munich, he befriended painters Aleksander Gierymski, Józef Chełmoński and Henryk Siemiradzki.

In 1875, he moved to Warsaw and set up a painting workshop in the laundry at the Hotel Europejski. In 1884, he married Maria Pietrzkiewicz. The pair had a son, Stanisław Ignacy. The son's godmother was the internationally famous actress Helena Modjeska, whom the elder Witkiewicz in 1876 had nearly accompanied to California in the United States.

In 1884–1887, Witkiewicz worked as the artistic director of "Wędrowiec" weekly, for which he wrote a series of articles concerning the values of a work of art and the role of art critics (published in book form under the title "Painting and criticism among us", Sztuka i krytyka u nas, in 1891 and 1899). In 1887, he held the same position in "Kłosy" magazine.

In 1886, he visited Zakopane for the first time. He developed a fascination with the mountains, the Podhale highlanders and their vernacular traditions. His ambition became to create a Polish national style through extraction of all-Polish forms from the architectural and decorative art of the highlanders.

He formulated the Zakopane Style (styl zakopiański) (also known as Witkiewicz Style (styl witkiewiczowski)) in architecture, in which he designed homes and interiors for well-off, artistically inclined Poles. He was strongly associated with Zakopane and promoted it in the art community.

Witkiewicz had strong views against formal education: "school is completely at odds with the psychological make-up of human beings". He applied this principle in his son's upbringing and was disappointed when the 20-year-old Witkacy chose to enroll at the Academy of Fine Arts in Kraków.

In 1908, suffering from tuberculosis, the elder Witkiewicz left his family in Zakopane and relocated to Lovran, a fashionable resort in what was then Austria-Hungary, which today is in Croatia. He died there in 1915.

His first monographic art exhibition was staged in Zachęta Fine Arts Society in 1927. His son, Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz, became a famous painter, playwright, novelist and philosopher, also known (from the conflation of his surname and middle name) by the pseudonym "Witkacy."

31 items

Show 30 50 70
Spring Landscape with a Pond

Spring Landscape with a Pond (1902)

Stanisław Witkiewicz (Polish, 1851-1915)
Landscape
Winter landscape from the Tatra Mountains

Winter landscape from the Tatra Mountains

Stanisław Witkiewicz (Polish, 1851-1915)
Landscape
Chamois in the mountains

Chamois in the mountains (between 1890 and 1900)

Stanisław Witkiewicz (Polish, 1851-1915)
Landscape
Baltic Sea near Palanga

Baltic Sea near Palanga

Stanisław Witkiewicz (Polish, 1851-1915)
Landscape
Wounded insurgent

Wounded insurgent

Stanisław Witkiewicz (Polish, 1851-1915)
Figurative
Self-portrait

Self-portrait

Stanisław Witkiewicz (Polish, 1851-1915)
Figurative
Pasture land

Pasture land

Stanisław Witkiewicz (Polish, 1851-1915)
Figurative
Narrow gate

Narrow gate

Stanisław Witkiewicz (Polish, 1851-1915)
Figurative
Landscape with a female figure

Landscape with a female figure

Stanisław Witkiewicz (Polish, 1851-1915)
Figurative
In Front of the Porch

In Front of the Porch (1885-1890)

Stanisław Witkiewicz (Polish, 1851-1915)
Figurative
Young Birches

Young Birches (1904)

Stanisław Witkiewicz (Polish, 1851-1915)
Landscape
Wawel from the Vistula Side

Wawel from the Vistula Side (1903)

Stanisław Witkiewicz (Polish, 1851-1915)
Landscape
Ukrainian Night

Ukrainian Night (1895)

Stanisław Witkiewicz (Polish, 1851-1915)
Landscape
Sunset on the Sea

Sunset on the Sea (1887)

Stanisław Witkiewicz (Polish, 1851-1915)
Landscape
Stream in the Forest

Stream in the Forest (1893)

Stanisław Witkiewicz (Polish, 1851-1915)
Landscape
Spring Mist

Spring Mist (1893)

Stanisław Witkiewicz (Polish, 1851-1915)
Landscape
Apple-Trees in Bloom

Apple-Trees in Bloom (1899)

Stanisław Witkiewicz (Polish, 1851-1915)
Landscape
Source

Source (1896)

Stanisław Witkiewicz (Polish, 1851-1915)
Landscape
Rest under Rocks

Rest under Rocks (1876)

Stanisław Witkiewicz (Polish, 1851-1915)
Landscape
Nest of Winter

Nest of Winter (1907)

Stanisław Witkiewicz (Polish, 1851-1915)
Landscape
Lake with Water-Lilies

Lake with Water-Lilies (1901)

Stanisław Witkiewicz (Polish, 1851-1915)
Landscape
Forest

Forest (1892)

Stanisław Witkiewicz (Polish, 1851-1915)
Landscape
Forest Wilderness

Forest Wilderness (1895)

Stanisław Witkiewicz (Polish, 1851-1915)
Landscape
Foehn Wind

Foehn Wind (1895)

Stanisław Witkiewicz (Polish, 1851-1915)
Landscape
Dusk

Dusk (1898)

Stanisław Witkiewicz (Polish, 1851-1915)
Landscape
Czarny Staw (The Blake Lake) – Blizzard

Czarny Staw (The Blake Lake) – Blizzard (1892)

Stanisław Witkiewicz (Polish, 1851-1915)
Landscape
Crocuses with Snowy Mountains Behind

Crocuses with Snowy Mountains Behind (1897)

Stanisław Witkiewicz (Polish, 1851-1915)
Landscape
Crocuses and Marsh-Marigolds

Crocuses and Marsh-Marigolds (1907)

Stanisław Witkiewicz (Polish, 1851-1915)
Landscape
Coast at Połąga

Coast at Połąga (1889)

Stanisław Witkiewicz (Polish, 1851-1915)
Landscape
Boats on the Sea

Boats on the Sea (1905)

Stanisław Witkiewicz (Polish, 1851-1915)
Landscape
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