Anna Catharina Nordlander, was a Swedish painter. She is known for her portraits and her depictions of genre- nature- and folk life: she is also counted as a pioneer in the illustration of the lives of the Forest Sami (Skogssamar) of northern Sweden.

Anna Nordlander was born in the vicarage at Skellefteå in Västerbotten County, Sweden to Nils Nordlander (1796–1874) and Anna Maria Gestrin. Her father was parish vicar and in 1841 among the founders of the town of Skellefteå. She studied at the Royal Swedish Academy of Arts (1866) under Jean-François Portaels in Brussels and at the Académie Julian in Paris.

Nordlander is represented in several Swedish museums including the Nationalmuseum in Stockholm. She was not particularly acknowledged until the late 20th-century. Her artistic pursuit first attracted broader attention posthumously. Nordlander died in Härnösand at 36 years old.