Theodor Poeckh was a German portrait painter.

From 1860 to 1861, he was a student of Hans Fredrik Gude at the Kunstakademie Düsseldorf. After that, he attended the Academy of Fine Arts Munich, where he studied with Carl Theodor von Piloty.

He remained in Munich, until he was appointed to a teaching position at the Academy of Fine Arts, Karlsruhe; left vacant by the death Ludwig des Coudres. There, he took charge of the newly created nature and classical painting classes, with Ernst Schurth [de] as an assistant. Some of his best known students were Christian Wilhelm Allers, Emil Schill, Pedro Weingärtner and Paul Schultze-Naumburg.