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Jan van Scorel - Portrait of Reinoud III of Brederode

Portrait of Reinoud III of Brederode (c. 1545)

Jan van Scorel (Dutch, 1495-1562)
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License: All public domain files can be freely used for personal and commercial projects.
Why is this image in the public domain?
The Artist died in 1562 so this work is in the public domain in its country of origin and other countries where the copyright term is the Artist's life plus 70 years or fewer.
Jan van Scorel

Jan van Scorel was a Dutch painter, who played a leading role in introducing aspects of Italian Renaissance painting into Dutch and Flemish Renaissance painting. He was one of the early painters of the Romanist style who had spent a number of years in Italy, where he thoroughly absorbed the Italian style of painting. His trip to Italy coincided with the brief reign of the only Dutch pope in history, Adrian VI in 1522–23. The pope made him a court painter and superintendent of his collection of antiquities. His stay in Italy lasted from 1518 to 1524 and he also visited Nuremberg, Venice and Jerusalem. Venetian art had an important impact on the development of his style.

He differed from most Romanists in that he was a native of the northern Netherlands and not of Flanders and that he remained most of his life in the northern Netherlands. He settled permanently in Utrecht in 1530 and established a large workshop on the Italian model. The workshop mainly produced altarpieces, many of which were destroyed in the Reformation iconoclasm in the years just after his death. He also held clerical appointments. This did not stop him from having a long-time relationship with a mistress who may have modelled for some of his female figures.

Van Scorel was born in Schoorl, north of Alkmaar and close to Egmond Abbey. It is not known whether he began his studies under the Master of Alkmaar, Pieter Gerritsz in Haarlem, Jacob Cornelisz in Amsterdam, or with Jan Gossaert in Utrecht, but it is certain that the last two were the master painters he would meet later in his life and who would have the greatest effect on his technique. Van Scorel is recorded in Haarlem in 1517 where he perhaps collaborated with his contemporary Maarten van Heemskerck, who like him, had been born close to Alkmaar (they certainly collaborated in Haarlem in 1528).

In 1524 Jan Gossaert is recorded at Duurstede Castle, near Utrecht, where Jan van Scorel was his pupil. Van Scorel began traveling through Europe in his early twenties after visiting Utrecht. In 1518–22 he is registered in Venice, and along the way, heading to Nuremberg and then on via Austria over the Alps. In the village of Obervellach in 1520, he completed his first representative work, the "Sippenaltar" in St. Martin's church. Giorgione was a considerable influence on Van Scorel during his tenure in Venice. After leaving Venice, Van Scorel was in Rome from 1522 to 1524 and made a pilgrimage to the Holy Land. His experiences in Jerusalem are depicted in many of his later works. Perhaps Van Scorel's example encouraged Van Heemskerck to travel to Rome himself later.

In 1521, Van Scorel returned to Rome where he met the Dutch pope Pope Adrian VI, who he may have met earlier in Utrecht. The pope appointed him painter to the Vatican. The pope sat for a portrait by Van Scorel. Van Scorel underwent the influence of Michelangelo and Raphael and succeeded Raphael as Keeper of the Belvedere.

Upon his return to the Netherlands in 1524, he settled in Utrecht where he began a successful career as a painter and a teacher. Van Scorel was a very educated man and skilled as an engineer and an architect, as well as an artist. He was also multi-lingual, no doubt as a result of his travels. He made the plans for building a polder in his native North Holland, called the Zijpe- en Hazepolder, that was later financed by his friend from Antwerp, the merchant Servaes de Haese. Perhaps because of the work on this polder, he is registered in Haarlem in 1528, where he collaborated with Heemskerck and assisted with the school there that Dirck Volckertszoon Coornhert would later run.

Considered to be the leading Netherlandish Romanist, Van Scorel moved to Ghent for painting contracts before returning to Utrecht for the same reason, where he died in 1562, leaving behind a wealth of portraits and altarpieces. Though many of his works fell victim to the Iconoclasm in 1566, some still remain and can be seen primarily at museums in the Netherlands.

More Artworks by Jan van Scorel (View all 20 Artworks)

Mary Magdalene

Mary Magdalene (c. 1530)

Jan van Scorel (Dutch, 1495-1562)
Two Wings of an Altarpiece depicting Saints John the Baptist and Catherine in Niches Surmounted by Angels

Two Wings of an Altarpiece depicting Saints John the Baptist and Catherine in Niches Surmounted by Angels (mid-16th century)

Jan van Scorel (Dutch, 1495-1562)
Portrait of a man, possibly a pilgrim

Portrait of a man, possibly a pilgrim (1520s)

Jan van Scorel (Dutch, 1495-1562)
Portrait of a young scholar

Portrait of a young scholar (1531)

Jan van Scorel (Dutch, 1495-1562)
The Mocking of Christ

The Mocking of Christ (1520-1530)

Jan van Scorel (Dutch, 1495-1562)
Landscape with Tournament and Hunters

Landscape with Tournament and Hunters (1519-20)

Jan van Scorel (Dutch, 1495-1562)
Landscape with Bathsheba

Landscape with Bathsheba (c. 1540 - c. 1545)

Jan van Scorel (Dutch, 1495-1562)
Landscape with Tobias and the Angel

Landscape with Tobias and the Angel (1521)

Jan van Scorel (Dutch, 1495-1562)
The Death of Saint Hilary

The Death of Saint Hilary (early 16th–mid 16th century)

Jan van Scorel (Dutch, 1495-1562)
Portrait of a Haarlem Citizen

Portrait of a Haarlem Citizen (1529)

Jan van Scorel (Dutch, 1495-1562)
The Dying Cleopatra

The Dying Cleopatra (c. 1520 - c. 1524)

Jan van Scorel (Dutch, 1495-1562)
Portrait of Joris van Egmond

Portrait of Joris van Egmond (c. 1535 - c. 1540)

Jan van Scorel (Dutch, 1495-1562)
Landscape with Shepherds by a River and a Town Beyond

Landscape with Shepherds by a River and a Town Beyond (1525–1530)

Jan van Scorel (Dutch, 1495-1562)
Pilgrim

Pilgrim (ca. between 1530 and 1540)

Jan van Scorel (Dutch, 1495-1562)
Adoration of the Magi

Adoration of the Magi (c. 1519)

Jan van Scorel (Dutch, 1495-1562)
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