Charles-Émile Dameron was a student of both Léon Germain Pelouse and Constant Troyon.

Dameron exhibited regularly at the Paris Salon between 1872 and 1907 during which time he was awarded a third place medal in 1878 and a second place medal in 1881. In 1876, Dameron won the Troyon prize for excellence in animal painting at the École des Beaux Arts. He also exhibited at the Glasgow Institute and at the Royal Hibernian Academy, Dublin.

Dameron is known for rural scenes with animals and peasants. His works exhibit a devotion to Realism. Having trained with Troyon, a master among the Barbizon School painters, Dameron is thought to be a second son of the Barbizon movement.