Nicolaas Johannes Roosenboom, was a Dutch painter, etcher, lithographer, watercolorist, and illustrator who was specialised in landscape art. He painted various types of landscapes but was mainly known for his winter landscapes. Roosenboom's work is situated in the Dutch Romantic movement. He collaborated with various artists who painted the staffage in his landscapes.

Roosenboom was born in Schellingwoude now in Amsterdam. He studied painting with Andreas Schelfhout, a leading Romantic landscape painter.

He married the daughter of his master, Maria Schelfhout. The couple had four children. Their daughter Margaretha Roosenboom was a pupil of her father and grandfather and became an important flower painter.

In 1846 Roosenboom was elected to the board of directors of the Haarlem Drawing College (Teeken-Kollegie), which had as its motto 'Art be our Goal' (Kunst zij ons Doel). Between 1826 and 1876 the artist showed at exhibitions in The Hague and Amsterdam.

Roosenboom became very successful and the good sales of his paintings enabled him to travel a lot. In 1829 he visited Germany and was back in the Netherlands in 1830 working in The Hague. In 1835 he visited Scotland and Devonshire in England. In 1838 he was in Haarlem and in 1843 he was back in The Hague. In 1846 he was in Overveen, in 1847 in Amsterdam, in 1848 in The Hague, in 1852 in Rotterdam, in 1860 in Brussels, in 1862 in Rotterdam, in 1865 in Haarlem, in Westerbork from 1867-1869 and 1876-1878, in Kapmen in 1872 and finally in Assen in 1878. During this period he moved households more than 15 times. For some time he collaborated with the Belgian animal painter Eugène Joseph Verboeckhoven. He also collaborated with Belgian painters Henri Adolphe Schaep and Ernest Slingeneyer.

In addition to his daughter, his pupils included Fredrik Marinus Kruseman, Cornelis Lieste and Johannes Petrus van Velzen (1816-1853).