Henryk Jan Szczygliński was a Polish painter and graphic artist.

Henryk Szczygliński was the son of Franciszek Szczygliński and Bronisława née Moszyńska. During World War I, he fought in the Legions in the 2nd Uhlan squadron, as well as in the Polish-Bolshevik war. He died of cancer during the Warsaw Uprising in 1944. He was temporarily buried in the square between Piękna, Krucza and Mokotowska Streets. On September 24, 1946, the artist's body was exhumed and buried in Stare Powązki (plot 142-3-1) .

He attended the drawing school of Witold Wołczacki in Łódź. Then, from 1898, he studied painting in Munich in the studio of Stanisław Grocholski, then with Anton Ažbe, in Paris and Krakow, where he was a student of Jacek Malczewski, Leon Wyczółkowski, Teodor Axentowicz, and finally Jan Stanisławski and his landscape class at the Academy of Fine Arts in Krakow. He played an active role in the Krakow artistic life of the Young Poland period. He collaborated with the Zielony Balonik cabaret. He was the president of the Warsaw Artistic Society. In 1932, the Zachęta National Gallery of Art awarded him an honorary diploma.