Joseph Wenglein was a German landscape painter and illustrator.

He was born in Munich and is known for landscapes. He attended both the Munich Academy of Fine Arts and the Ludwig Maximilians University, where he studied law. Eventually, he chose to focus entirely on art and found a position in the studios of the landscape painter Johann Gottfried Steffan. On his recommendation, Wenglein became a student of Adolf Heinrich Lier, whose coloristic methods were a significant influence.

His favorite areas for painting were the Bavarian plateau and the area around the Isar River. Later, he became a teacher himself. His best known student was Otto Reiniger.