Heinrich Peyer was an Austrian landscape painter.

Peyer studied at the Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna from 1839 to 1843.

He worked as a landscape painter in Vienna, traveled to the crown lands of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy, including Hungary, Moravia and Upper Austria, and also visited Bavaria and even Volhynia. He showed his works from 1844 to 1854 at the Vienna Academy exhibitions in St. Annahof and from 1852 to 1854 at the monthly exhibitions of the Austrian Art Association.

The rest of his life after 1854 remains unknown.