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Theo van Hoytema - Christmas Eve (Kerstnacht)

Christmas Eve (Kerstnacht) (1894)

Theo van Hoytema (Dutch, 1863-1917)
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License: All public domain files can be freely used for personal and commercial projects.
Why is this image in the public domain?
The Artist died in 1917 so this work is in the public domain in its country of origin and other countries where the copyright term is the Artist's life plus 70 years or fewer.
Theo van Hoytema

Theodorus van Hoytema, or Hoijtema was a Dutch lithographer, illustrator and graphic designer, known for his book covers and calendars; especially those depicting birds.

His father was Secretary-General of the Department of Finance. He was the youngest of eight children. Both of his parents died during the 1870s, so he and some siblings moved to Klein Stadwijk, a village in Voorschoten. There, he received his first drawing lessons from his eldest sister. He attended the Stedelijk Gymnasium Leiden and, together with two of his older brothers, passed an exam that enabled them to find work at a financial firm. Theo, however, was not satisfied with office life and decided to become an artist.

He began by taking drawing classes at the Royal Academy of Art. While there, he drew and painted the stuffed animals at the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie in Leiden. As a result, his uncle Adriaan van Oordt, Director of Brill Publishers, was able to get him his first commissions doing scientific illustrations. From 1889 to 1890, he became interested in lithography. That same year, he took up temporary residence in a garden house at Binckhorst Castle [nl]. The following year, after the success of his first picture book about birds (Hoe de vogels aan een koning kwamen), he was married and moved to Loosduinen. The marriage was, however, short-lived and childless, ending in divorce in 1902.

In 1892, he became a member of the Haagsche Kunstkring and joined Arti et Amicitiae in 1893. That same year, he produced an illustrated edition of The Ugly Duckling by Hans Christian Andersen, followed by several more bird-themed picture books.

He continued to move, restlessly, first to Voorburg then, in 1897, to Hilversum. For a time, he stayed with family members in London. His health became fragile and he was hospitalized for much of 1904 and 1905. He also spent a short time at a psychiatric sanatorium. When released, he went to live with a sister in The Hague and remained there, under her care, for the rest of his life.

Despite his illness, it was during this period that he created the calendars that made him famous. His designs also formed the basis for pottery and furniture. He and his wife were the models for the main characters in Leo en Gerda (1911), a novel by Aegidius Willem Timmerman [nl] about the generation of artists who began their careers in the 1880s. A street was named after him in 1923, and a monument was placed there in 2009.

More Artworks by Theo van Hoytema (View all 507 Artworks)

Staande eend

Staande eend (1878 - 1909)

Theo van Hoytema (Dutch, 1863-1917)
Kalenderblad oktober met zwanen

Kalenderblad oktober met zwanen (1901)

Theo van Hoytema (Dutch, 1863-1917)
Verschillende vogelsoorten

Verschillende vogelsoorten (1892)

Theo van Hoytema (Dutch, 1863-1917)
Kalenderblad augustus met olifant

Kalenderblad augustus met olifant (1905)

Theo van Hoytema (Dutch, 1863-1917)
Kalenderblad juni met jonge vogels in een nest

Kalenderblad juni met jonge vogels in een nest (1915)

Theo van Hoytema (Dutch, 1863-1917)
Hagedis op een steen

Hagedis op een steen (1878 - 1917)

Theo van Hoytema (Dutch, 1863-1917)
Kalenderblad mei met twee duiven

Kalenderblad mei met twee duiven (1905)

Theo van Hoytema (Dutch, 1863-1917)
Zingende vogel op naaldboom

Zingende vogel op naaldboom (1878 - 1906)

Theo van Hoytema (Dutch, 1863-1917)
Kalenderblad oktober met bladeren en vogels

Kalenderblad oktober met bladeren en vogels (1903)

Theo van Hoytema (Dutch, 1863-1917)
Kalenderblad januari met kraaiende haan

Kalenderblad januari met kraaiende haan (1915)

Theo van Hoytema (Dutch, 1863-1917)
Uitnodigingskaart voor tentoonstelling van meubelen

Uitnodigingskaart voor tentoonstelling van meubelen (1878 - 1900)

Theo van Hoytema (Dutch, 1863-1917)
Een oude dame met hoed en mantel

Een oude dame met hoed en mantel

Theo van Hoytema (Dutch, 1863-1917)
Winterkoning stijgt op van de rug van de arend

Winterkoning stijgt op van de rug van de arend (1892)

Theo van Hoytema (Dutch, 1863-1917)
Drijvend nest van een dodaars

Drijvend nest van een dodaars (1913)

Theo van Hoytema (Dutch, 1863-1917)
Affiche voor het Hoenderpark 1e klasse Den Honaart Voorburg

Affiche voor het Hoenderpark 1e klasse Den Honaart Voorburg (1873 - 1917)

Theo van Hoytema (Dutch, 1863-1917)
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