Marianne Saxl-Deutsch was an Austrian painter, graphic artist, and craftswoman.
According to her own account, Marianne Deutsch received eight years of art lessons, five of which were with Adolf Boehm, probably before 1910 at the Art School for Women and Girls. In 1910, she stayed at the Dachau artists' colony. Also in 1910, she left Judaism and married the Viennese internist Paul Saxl (1880–1932); they had two daughters. Saxl-Deutsch was influenced by the Werkbund and the Wiener Werkstätten. In 1926/27, she attended a course in ornamental writing and heraldry with Rudolf Larisch at the Kunstgewerbeschule Wien (School of Applied Arts) as a guest student. She presented her work in three exhibitions of the Association of Austrian Women Artists.
Saxl-Deutsch ran her own studio at Albertgasse 1. She painted portraits and landscapes in oil, gouache, and watercolor, and produced woodcuts, bowls, brass lamps, silver jewelry, and textile works. In 1912, Saxl-Deutsch designed the poster Den Frauen ihr Recht (Women's Rights). The poster was used several times by the Communist Party of Austria (KPÖ) and the Social Democratic Party of Austria (SPÖ) as well as in the new women's movement of the 1970s without reference to the signature MSAXL or respect for the artist's copyright, which was valid until 2013.
Saxl-Deutsch's daughters fled to England after the annexation of Austria. She herself lived with her mother Olga Deutsch at Skodagasse 15/1 in 1939. Later, both were forcibly quartered in a so-called “Judenhaus” (Jewish house) in Heinrichsgasse in the 1st district, where other Jews were already being held and from where 35 people were eventually sent to their deaths. Saxl-Deutsch was deported to the Maly Trostinez extermination camp on May 6, 1942. Her mother, Olga Deutsch, was deported to the Theresienstadt ghetto on August 13, 1942, and murdered in the Treblinka extermination camp on September 26, 1942.
A granddaughter, Eva Schmidt-Kreilisheim, arranged for a memorial stone to be placed in Vienna's Josefstadt district in 2010.
