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Vincent van Gogh
Vincent van Gogh

Vincent van Gogh

Dutch, 1853-1890
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Vincent Willem van Gogh was a Dutch post-impressionist painter who posthumously became one of the most famous and influential figures in the history of Western art. In a decade, he created about 2,100 artworks, including around 860 oil paintings, most of which date from the last two years of his life. They include landscapes, still lifes, portraits and self-portraits, and are characterised by bold colours and dramatic, impulsive and expressive brushwork that contributed to the foundations of modern art. He was not commercially successful, and his suicide at 37 came after years of mental illness, depression and poverty.

Born into an upper-middle-class family, Van Gogh drew as a child and was serious, quiet, and thoughtful. As a young man he worked as an art dealer, often travelling, but became depressed after he was transferred to London. He turned to religion and spent time as a Protestant missionary in southern Belgium. He drifted in ill health and solitude before taking up painting in 1881, having moved back home with his parents. His younger brother Theo supported him financially, and the two kept a long correspondence by letter. His early works, mostly still lifes and depictions of peasant labourers, contain few signs of the vivid colour that distinguished his later work. In 1886, he moved to Paris, where he met members of the avant-garde, including Émile Bernard and Paul Gauguin, who were reacting against the Impressionist sensibility. As his work developed he created a new approach to still lifes and local landscapes. His paintings grew brighter in colour as he developed a style that became fully realised during his stay in Arles in the south of France in 1888. During this period he broadened his subject matter to include series of olive trees, wheat fields and sunflowers.

Van Gogh suffered from psychotic episodes and delusions and though he worried about his mental stability, he often neglected his physical health, did not eat properly and drank heavily. His friendship with Gauguin ended after a confrontation with a razor when, in a rage, he severed part of his own left ear. He spent time in psychiatric hospitals, including a period at Saint-Rémy. After he discharged himself and moved to the Auberge Ravoux in Auvers-sur-Oise near Paris, he came under the care of the homeopathic doctor Paul Gachet. His depression continued and on 27 July 1890, Van Gogh shot himself in the chest with a Lefaucheux revolver. He died from his injuries two days later.

Van Gogh was unsuccessful during his lifetime, and he was considered a madman and a failure. He became famous after his suicide and exists in the public imagination as a misunderstood genius, the artist "where discourses on madness and creativity converge". His reputation began to grow in the early 20th century as elements of his painting style came to be incorporated by the Fauves and German Expressionists. He attained widespread critical, commercial and popular success over the ensuing decades, and he is remembered as an important but tragic painter, whose troubled personality typifies the romantic ideal of the tortured artist. Today, Van Gogh's works are among the world's most expensive paintings to have ever sold, and his legacy is honoured by a museum in his name, the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam, which holds the world's largest collection of his paintings and drawings.

282 items

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The harvest

The harvest (1888)

Vincent van Gogh (Dutch, 1853-1890)
Landscape
The hill of Montmartre with stone quarry

The hill of Montmartre with stone quarry (1886)

Vincent van Gogh (Dutch, 1853-1890)
Landscape
The hill of Montmartre with stone quarry

The hill of Montmartre with stone quarry (1886)

Vincent van Gogh (Dutch, 1853-1890)
Landscape
The Langlois bridge

The Langlois bridge (1888)

Vincent van Gogh (Dutch, 1853-1890)
Landscape
The old church tower at Nuenen (`The peasants’ churchyard’)

The old church tower at Nuenen (`The peasants’ churchyard’) (1885)

Vincent van Gogh (Dutch, 1853-1890)
Landscape
The Pink Orchard

The Pink Orchard (1888)

Vincent van Gogh (Dutch, 1853-1890)
Landscape
The pink peach tree

The pink peach tree (1888)

Vincent van Gogh (Dutch, 1853-1890)
Landscape
The vicarage at Nuenen

The vicarage at Nuenen (1885)

Vincent van Gogh (Dutch, 1853-1890)
Landscape
The white orchard

The white orchard (1888)

Vincent van Gogh (Dutch, 1853-1890)
Landscape
Trees and undergrowth

Trees and undergrowth (1887)

Vincent van Gogh (Dutch, 1853-1890)
Landscape
View of Auvers

View of Auvers (1890)

Vincent van Gogh (Dutch, 1853-1890)
Landscape
View of Paris

View of Paris (1886)

Vincent van Gogh (Dutch, 1853-1890)
Landscape
Wheatfield

Wheatfield (1888)

Vincent van Gogh (Dutch, 1853-1890)
Landscape
Head of a woman

Head of a woman (1885)

Vincent van Gogh (Dutch, 1853-1890)
Figurative
In the café; Agostina Segatori in Le tambourin

In the café; Agostina Segatori in Le tambourin (1887 - 1888)

Vincent van Gogh (Dutch, 1853-1890)
Figurative
Jeune homme au bleuet

Jeune homme au bleuet (1890)

Vincent van Gogh (Dutch, 1853-1890)
Figurative
Portrait of a prostitute

Portrait of a prostitute (1885)

Vincent van Gogh (Dutch, 1853-1890)
Figurative
Portrait of an old man

Portrait of an old man (1885)

Vincent van Gogh (Dutch, 1853-1890)
Figurative
Portrait of Camille Roulin

Portrait of Camille Roulin (1888)

Vincent van Gogh (Dutch, 1853-1890)
Figurative
Self-portrait with grey felt hat

Self-portrait with grey felt hat (1887)

Vincent van Gogh (Dutch, 1853-1890)
Figurative
Self-portrait with pipe

Self-portrait with pipe (1886)

Vincent van Gogh (Dutch, 1853-1890)
Figurative
Self-portrait with straw hat

Self-portrait with straw hat (1887)

Vincent van Gogh (Dutch, 1853-1890)
Figurative
Self-portrait

Self-portrait (1887)

Vincent van Gogh (Dutch, 1853-1890)
Figurative
The Sower

The Sower (1888)

Vincent van Gogh (Dutch, 1853-1890)
Figurative
Two women on the heath

Two women on the heath (1883)

Vincent van Gogh (Dutch, 1853-1890)
Figurative
A pair of leather clogs

A pair of leather clogs (1888)

Vincent van Gogh (Dutch, 1853-1890)
Still Life
Apples

Apples (1887)

Vincent van Gogh (Dutch, 1853-1890)
Still Life
Basket of apples

Basket of apples (1885)

Vincent van Gogh (Dutch, 1853-1890)
Still Life
Basket of pansies on a small table

Basket of pansies on a small table (1887)

Vincent van Gogh (Dutch, 1853-1890)
Still Life
Bobbin winder

Bobbin winder (1885)

Vincent van Gogh (Dutch, 1853-1890)
Still Life
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