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Simon de Vlieger

Dutch, 1601-1653
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Simon de Vlieger was a Dutch painter, draughtsman and designer of tapestries, etchings, stained glass windows. While he is mainly known for his marine paintings he also painted beach scenes, landscapes and genre scenes.

He was likely born in Rotterdam as the son of Jacob Pietersz van Zwet Bolleweck (died ca. 1634) and Lysbeth Wouters. His sister Neeltje de Vlieger became a still life painter. It is not known with whom he trained. He married in Rotterdam on 10 January 1627 to Anna Gerrits van Willige (died 1647). The couple had a daughter Cornelia, who married the painter Paulus van Hillegaert II. De Vlieger moved in 1634 to Delft, where he is recorded renting a house 'De Kranenburch' from 1 May 1634 for the duration of a year. A year later he moved to the house called 'De Houttuyn. He joined the Guild of Saint Luke of Delft.

He then moved to Amsterdam in 1638. Here he worked until 1642 on a commission to paint decorations for the reception of Queen Maria de' Medici. He made around 1640 in Arnhem a drawing of the Rijnpoort and was some time in the period 1642 to 1643 in Kleef where he made a drawing of the Rhine. He was active in Rotterdam intermittently from 1642 to 1644 where he worked on the organ shutters of the St Laurens church. All this time he maintained a residence in Amsterdam of which he had become a citizen on 5 January 1643. He moved to Weesp, a small town on the outskirts of Amsterdam in 1650 where he died in 1653.

Willem van de Velde the younger was his pupil.

While he is mainly known for his marine paintings, he also painted beach scenes, landscapes and genre scenes. In addition to painting, he designed tapestries, etchings, stained glass windows for the Nieuwe Kerk in Amsterdam, and the organ shutters for the St. Laurenskerk in Rotterdam. De Vlieger signed his work with the letters "S.D.VL.F.", "Simon de Vlieger fecit".

The earliest known works of De Vlieger date from 1624. These marine pieces were still strongly influenced by the work of Jan Porcellis and Willem van de Velde the Elder and shows several ships and rocky coasts. In the 1630s and 1640s he was one of the best-known Dutch maritime painters. He moved away from the monochrome style of Jan Porcellis and Willem van de Velde the elder towards a more realistic use of colour, with highly detailed and accurate representations of rigging and ship construction. He painted ships in harbour and at sea as well as storms and shipwrecks.

During his residence in Delft, de Vlieger created a number of marine paintings showing the sea washing against a rocky shore. An example of a work from this period is the Calming the storm (1637, Art Collection of the University Göttingen). The close-up treatment of this subject and the overall composition go back to the print made by Adriaen Collaert after a design by the Flemish artist Maerten de Vos. That print depicting The storm on the sea of Galilei was plate 8 in the 12-part Vita, passio et Resvrrectio Iesv Christ which was published by Jan and Raphael Sadeler in Antwerp in 1583. As in the print, de Vlieger depicts the boat in a forward tilting position but he distances himself from the print by integrating the story into the seascape rather than solely focusing on the activities on the boat.

De Vlieger specialised in the detailed depiction of ships and was able to realistically depict the colours on the seawater. He depicted entire fleets and naval battles. In sketches he demonstrated his insight into linear perspective.

Around 1630 De Vlieger produced his first beach scene, a landscape type that he painted frequently over the following two decades. From 1650 until his death he mainly painted and drew sea coasts and forests.

His work was highly influential on the younger generation of maritime painters. His work was copied by other artists, such as Jan van Ossenbeeck. (ca. 1624-1674). Aelbert Cuyp was familiar with the work of De Vlieger and he is said to have copied the characteristic Dutch skies with clouds and rays of sun falling through De Vlieger.

51 items

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Estuary at Day’s End

Estuary at Day’s End (c. 1640-1645)

Simon de Vlieger (Dutch, 1601-1653)
Landscape
A calm estuary with a smalschip and a waterschip at anchor, with other ships in the distance

A calm estuary with a smalschip and a waterschip at anchor, with other ships in the distance

Simon de Vlieger (Dutch, 1601-1653)
Landscape
Single-Master and Frigate Firing Salute on a Calm Sea

Single-Master and Frigate Firing Salute on a Calm Sea (ca 1645-1648)

Simon de Vlieger (Dutch, 1601-1653)
Landscape
A beach scene with fishermen displaying their catch

A beach scene with fishermen displaying their catch (1646)

Simon de Vlieger (Dutch, 1601-1653)
Landscape
A beach scene with fishermen displaying their catch

A beach scene with fishermen displaying their catch (1646)

Simon de Vlieger (Dutch, 1601-1653)
Landscape
Calm Sea

Calm Sea

Simon de Vlieger (Dutch, 1601-1653)
Landscape
Seaside in Scheveningen with fishing boats

Seaside in Scheveningen with fishing boats

Simon de Vlieger (Dutch, 1601-1653)
Landscape
Stretch of coast by the Zuiderzee

Stretch of coast by the Zuiderzee (1645)

Simon de Vlieger (Dutch, 1601-1653)
Landscape
The Battle on the Slaak between the Dutch and Spanish Fleets during the Night of 12-13 September 1631

The Battle on the Slaak between the Dutch and Spanish Fleets during the Night of 12-13 September 1631 (1633)

Simon de Vlieger (Dutch, 1601-1653)
Landscape
Rocky Coast

Rocky Coast (1630 - 1653)

Simon de Vlieger (Dutch, 1601-1653)
Landscape
Return of the Falconer

Return of the Falconer (1637)

Simon de Vlieger (Dutch, 1601-1653)
Landscape
View of a Beach

View of a Beach (1646)

Simon de Vlieger (Dutch, 1601-1653)
Landscape
Beach View

Beach View (1643)

Simon de Vlieger (Dutch, 1601-1653)
Landscape
Sleeping Peasants near Fields (Parable of the Weeds)

Sleeping Peasants near Fields (Parable of the Weeds) (1650-1653)

Simon de Vlieger (Dutch, 1601-1653)
Landscape
Coastal Scene With Ships Resting On Calm Waters

Coastal Scene With Ships Resting On Calm Waters

Simon de Vlieger (Dutch, 1601-1653)
Landscape
A Calm Sea

A Calm Sea (1642)

Simon de Vlieger (Dutch, 1601-1653)
Landscape
Calm Sea

Calm Sea (after 1640)

Simon de Vlieger (Dutch, 1601-1653)
Landscape
Beach with Fishermen

Beach with Fishermen (1630 - 1653)

Simon de Vlieger (Dutch, 1601-1653)
Landscape
Ship in Distress off a Rocky Coast

Ship in Distress off a Rocky Coast

Simon de Vlieger (Dutch, 1601-1653)
Landscape
The Approach to a Village

The Approach to a Village (1615–53)

Simon de Vlieger (Dutch, 1601-1653)
Drawings
River Landscape

River Landscape (c. 1650)

Simon de Vlieger (Dutch, 1601-1653)
Drawings
Vej i en skov

Vej i en skov

Simon de Vlieger (Dutch, 1601-1653)
Drawings
Tre gæs

Tre gæs

Simon de Vlieger (Dutch, 1601-1653)
Drawings
Træer ved en kanal

Træer ved en kanal

Simon de Vlieger (Dutch, 1601-1653)
Drawings
To mynder og en sovende hund

To mynder og en sovende hund

Simon de Vlieger (Dutch, 1601-1653)
Drawings
To grise

To grise

Simon de Vlieger (Dutch, 1601-1653)
Drawings
Sti, der fører op ad en skovklædt bakke

Sti, der fører op ad en skovklædt bakke

Simon de Vlieger (Dutch, 1601-1653)
Drawings
Mænd, der laster en båd med korn

Mænd, der laster en båd med korn

Simon de Vlieger (Dutch, 1601-1653)
Drawings
Lænkehund

Lænkehund

Simon de Vlieger (Dutch, 1601-1653)
Drawings
Kro i en sammenstyrtet bygning

Kro i en sammenstyrtet bygning

Simon de Vlieger (Dutch, 1601-1653)
Drawings
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