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Pierre-Auguste Renoir
Pierre-Auguste Renoir

Pierre-Auguste Renoir

French, 1841-1919
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Pierre-Auguste Renoir was a French artist who was a leading painter in the development of the Impressionist style. As a celebrator of beauty and especially feminine sensuality, it has been said that "Renoir is the final representative of a tradition which runs directly from Rubens to Watteau."

Pierre-Auguste Renoir was born in Limoges, Haute-Vienne, France, in 1841. His father, Léonard Renoir, was a tailor of modest means, so in 1844, Renoir's family moved to Paris in search of more favorable prospects. The location of their home, in rue d’Argenteuil in central Paris, placed Renoir in proximity to the Louvre. Although the young Renoir had a natural proclivity for drawing, he exhibited a greater talent for singing. His talent was encouraged by his teacher, Charles Gounod, who was the choir-master at the Church of St Roch at the time. However, due to the family's financial circumstances, Renoir had to discontinue his music lessons and leave school at the age of thirteen to pursue an apprenticeship at a porcelain factory.

Although Renoir displayed a talent for his work, he frequently tired of the subject matter and sought refuge in the galleries of the Louvre. The owner of the factory recognized his apprentice's talent and communicated this to Renoir's family. Following this, Renoir started taking lessons to prepare for entry into Ecole des Beaux Arts.

In 1862, he began studying art under Charles Gleyre in Paris. There he met Alfred Sisley, Frédéric Bazille, and Claude Monet. At times, during the 1860s, he did not have enough money to buy paint. Renoir had his first success at the Salon of 1868 with his painting Lise with a Parasol (1867), which depicted Lise Tréhot, his lover at the time. Although Renoir first started exhibiting paintings at the Paris Salon in 1864, recognition was slow in coming, partly as a result of the turmoil of the Franco-Prussian War.

Renoir was inspired by the style and subject matter of previous modern painters Camille Pissarro and Edouard Manet. After a series of rejections by the Salon juries, he joined forces with Monet, Sisley, Pissarro, and several other artists to mount the first Impressionist exhibition in April 1874, in which Renoir displayed six paintings. Although the critical response to the exhibition was largely unfavorable, Renoir's work was comparatively well received. That same year, two of his works were shown with Durand-Ruel in London.

In 1890, he married Aline Victorine Charigot, a dressmaker twenty years his junior, who, along with a number of the artist's friends, had already served as a model for Le Déjeuner des canotiers (Luncheon of the Boating Party – she is the woman on the left playing with the dog) in 1881, and with whom he had already had a child, Pierre, in 1885. After his marriage, Renoir painted many scenes of his wife and daily family life including their children and their nurse, Aline's cousin Gabrielle Renard. The Renoirs had three sons: Pierre Renoir (1885-1952), who became a stage and film actor; Jean Renoir (1894-1979), who became a filmmaker of note; and Claude Renoir (1901-1969), who became a ceramic artist.

Around 1892, Renoir developed rheumatoid arthritis. In 1907, he moved to the warmer climate of "Les Collettes," a farm at the village of Cagnes-sur-Mer, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, close to the Mediterranean coast. Renoir painted during the last twenty years of his life even after his arthritis severely limited his mobility. He developed progressive deformities in his hands and ankylosis of his right shoulder, requiring him to change his painting technique.

Renoir died at Cagnes-sur-Mer on 3 December 1919.

686 items

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The Artist’s Son Claude or ‘Coco’

The Artist’s Son Claude or ‘Coco’ (c. 1906)

Pierre-Auguste Renoir (French, 1841-1919)
Drawings
Madame Renoir Au Chapeau

Madame Renoir Au Chapeau

Pierre-Auguste Renoir (French, 1841-1919)
Drawings
Femme nue sur le canapé de nice

Femme nue sur le canapé de nice (circa 1910)

Pierre-Auguste Renoir (French, 1841-1919)
Drawings
Musiciens

Musiciens

Pierre-Auguste Renoir (French, 1841-1919)
Drawings
La danse à bougival (étude)

La danse à bougival (étude)

Pierre-Auguste Renoir (French, 1841-1919)
Drawings
Portrait de Claude Monet

Portrait de Claude Monet (circa 1890)

Pierre-Auguste Renoir (French, 1841-1919)
Drawings
Études (têtes de femmes)

Études (têtes de femmes)

Pierre-Auguste Renoir (French, 1841-1919)
Drawings
Rosita Mauri Dans ‘la Korrigane’

Rosita Mauri Dans ‘la Korrigane’ (circa 1881)

Pierre-Auguste Renoir (French, 1841-1919)
Drawings
A Girl Reading

A Girl Reading

Pierre-Auguste Renoir (French, 1841-1919)
Drawings
Portrait of Séverine

Portrait of Séverine (1885–87)

Pierre-Auguste Renoir (French, 1841-1919)
Drawings
La danse à la campagne (The Dance in the Country)

La danse à la campagne (The Dance in the Country) (1883)

Pierre-Auguste Renoir (French, 1841-1919)
Drawings
Femme assise (Baigneuse assise vue de dos)

Femme assise (Baigneuse assise vue de dos) (circa 1885-1887)

Pierre-Auguste Renoir (French, 1841-1919)
Drawings
Jeune femme en buste (Mlle. Diéterle)

Jeune femme en buste (Mlle. Diéterle) (circa 1899)

Pierre-Auguste Renoir (French, 1841-1919)
Drawings
Gabrielle, Jean et une petite fille

Gabrielle, Jean et une petite fille (1895)

Pierre-Auguste Renoir (French, 1841-1919)
Drawings
La Danse à la campagne

La Danse à la campagne (circa 1890)

Pierre-Auguste Renoir (French, 1841-1919)
Drawings
Deux élégantes

Deux élégantes (1900)

Pierre-Auguste Renoir (French, 1841-1919)
Drawings
Le petit graçon au porte-plume (Claude Renoir Écrivant)

Le petit graçon au porte-plume (Claude Renoir Écrivant) (1905)

Pierre-Auguste Renoir (French, 1841-1919)
Drawings
Une mère et deux enfants

Une mère et deux enfants (1912)

Pierre-Auguste Renoir (French, 1841-1919)
Drawings
Femme au Cep de Vigne 3eme

Femme au Cep de Vigne 3eme

Pierre-Auguste Renoir (French, 1841-1919)
Drawings
La Toilette

La Toilette

Pierre-Auguste Renoir (French, 1841-1919)
Drawings
Le Fleuve Scamandre 1er

Le Fleuve Scamandre 1er

Pierre-Auguste Renoir (French, 1841-1919)
Drawings
Le petit garçon au porte-plume (Claude Renoir écrivant)

Le petit garçon au porte-plume (Claude Renoir écrivant)

Pierre-Auguste Renoir (French, 1841-1919)
Drawings
Enfants jouant à la balle

Enfants jouant à la balle

Pierre-Auguste Renoir (French, 1841-1919)
Drawings
Étude d’enfant

Étude d’enfant (1886)

Pierre-Auguste Renoir (French, 1841-1919)
Drawings
Hector et Paris

Hector et Paris (1860)

Pierre-Auguste Renoir (French, 1841-1919)
Drawings
Baigneuse assise

Baigneuse assise (c. 1905)

Pierre-Auguste Renoir (French, 1841-1919)
Drawings
Baigneuse assise

Baigneuse assise (c. 1905)

Pierre-Auguste Renoir (French, 1841-1919)
Drawings
Bust of a Young Girl (Mlle. Dieterle)

Bust of a Young Girl (Mlle. Dieterle) (1899)

Pierre-Auguste Renoir (French, 1841-1919)
Drawings
Child’s Bust, Turned to the Right

Child’s Bust, Turned to the Right (c. 1908)

Pierre-Auguste Renoir (French, 1841-1919)
Drawings
Claude Renoir, de trois-quarts à gauche

Claude Renoir, de trois-quarts à gauche (1908)

Pierre-Auguste Renoir (French, 1841-1919)
Drawings
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