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Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev
Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev

Russian, 1801 – 1892
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Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev was a Russian painter and historian of art. His artwork was a major contribution in recording and preserving medieval Russian culture, which was a common subject of his paintings. He was the main author of the fundamental work Antiquities of the Russian State [ru], the main decorator of interiors of the Grand Kremlin Palace in Moscow. He discovered and restored mosaics and frescoes of Saint Sophia's Cathedral and Cathedral of the Dormition of Kiev Pechersk Lavra in Kiev, and of Cathedral of Saint Demetrius in Vladimir.

Fedor Solntsev, together with Metropolitan Philaret and Archimandrite Photius Spassky [ru] are considered the founders of modern Russian icon painting canon synthesizing ancient Russian traditions, post-Petrine efforts and modern art discoveries.

Fedor Solntsev was born in Verkhne-Nikulskoye [ru] a village near Rybinsk in the Yaroslavl Governorate. His parents were serfs of Count Ivan Alekseyevich Musin-Pushkin [ru]. His father, Grigory Konstantinovich Solntsev, worked as a box-office attendant for the Imperial theaters in Saint Petersburg and travelled to the village very infrequently while his mother, Elizaveta Frolovna Solntseva, was a peasant and lived all her life in the village. Fedor spent his early life with his mother and siblings. After discovering his artistic ability, his master freed the Solntsev family, which allowed Fedor to enter the Imperial Academy of Arts in Saint Petersburg in 1815 and became a pupil of Alexei Yegorov and Stepan Shchukin. Later, Fedor's younger brother, Yegor Solntsev also graduated from the Imperial Academy of Art and became a notable painter.

Fedor graduated from the Academy in 1824 receiving a "Lesser Gold Medal" for his painting A Peasant Family. In 1827 he received the "Greater Gold Medal" from the Academy for his painting Render unto Caesar. In 1836 he became a member of the Imperial Academy of Arts for his work Meeting of Grand Duke Sviatoslav with John of Tzimiskes. In 1876 Solntsev was appointed Professor of the Academy.

Fedor Solntsev's work was supported by the President of Imperial Academy of Arts Alexey Olenin and Emperor Nicholas I. The Emperor commissioned Solntsev to decorate dinner parties and embellish his private apartments in the Kremlin. Through his life Solntsev worked on restoration of many Moscow Kremlin buildings including the Grand Kremlin Palace and Kremlin Armoury. He painted Cathedral of Christ the Saviour and other churches in Moscow. Solntsev also worked in Kiev with restoration and describing artefacts of Kiev Pechersk Lavra. He painted the interiors of the Krestovozdvizhenskaya Church [ru] there.

Olenin commissioned Solntsev to describe archaeological and historical artifacts of Russian state. Solntsev started to work in 1830. He made more than 3000 highly detailed drawing of different artifacts including the record of all the Kremlin's riches. Seven hundreds of those drawings made the core for the six-volume publications titled Antiquities of the Russian State. The encyclopedia was published after Olenin's death using the funds provided by Nicholas I. Solntsev also provided a detailed chronicle of Old Russian style in his book Clothing of Russia.

Solntsev died on 3 March 1892 and was buried in Volkovo Cemetery in Saint Petersburg.

476 items

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Naprestol’noe evangenie kontsa XIV veka (izobrazhenie 1.)

Naprestol’noe evangenie kontsa XIV veka (izobrazhenie 1.) (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Naprestol’nyi krest tsaria Feodora Alekseevicha

Naprestol’nyi krest tsaria Feodora Alekseevicha (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Nariad pozhilykh zhenshchin goroda Torzhka

Nariad pozhilykh zhenshchin goroda Torzhka (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Nozh, nozhny, koshelek prepodobnago Sergiia, nakhodiashchiesia v Troitskoi lavre, I starinnaia dereviannaia chasha ili stavets

Nozh, nozhny, koshelek prepodobnago Sergiia, nakhodiashchiesia v Troitskoi lavre, I starinnaia dereviannaia chasha ili stavets (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Odezhda boiarskaia XVII stoletiia. Portrety kniazei Repninykh

Odezhda boiarskaia XVII stoletiia. Portrety kniazei Repninykh (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Okno teremnago dvortsa protiv tserkvi Spasa, chto za zolotoiu reshetkoiu

Okno teremnago dvortsa protiv tserkvi Spasa, chto za zolotoiu reshetkoiu (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Okno teremnago dvortsa so storony Oruzheinoi palaty II

Okno teremnago dvortsa so storony Oruzheinoi palaty II (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Okno teremnago dvortsa so storony Oruzheinoi palaty

Okno teremnago dvortsa so storony Oruzheinoi palaty (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Okno teremnago dvortsa v koridore, veduschem k Krestovozdvizhenskoi tserkvi

Okno teremnago dvortsa v koridore, veduschem k Krestovozdvizhenskoi tserkvi (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Opakhalo tsaritsy Natalii Kirilovny

Opakhalo tsaritsy Natalii Kirilovny (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Palashi

Palashi (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Panagiia artosnaia, v 1-2 um. (izobrazhenie 1.)

Panagiia artosnaia, v 1-2 um. (izobrazhenie 1.) (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Panagiia artosnaia, v nast. velich.. (izobrazhenie 2.)

Panagiia artosnaia, v nast. velich.. (izobrazhenie 2.) (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Panagiia artosnaia, v nast. velich.. (izobrazhenie 3.)

Panagiia artosnaia, v nast. velich.. (izobrazhenie 3.) (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Panagiia artosnaia, v nast. velich.. (izobrazhenie 4.)

Panagiia artosnaia, v nast. velich.. (izobrazhenie 4.) (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Panagiia patrairshaia

Panagiia patrairshaia (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Panagiia patriarkha Iosafa

Panagiia patriarkha Iosafa (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Panagiia v arkhiereiskoi riznitse Vladimirskago Rozhdestvena monastyria

Panagiia v arkhiereiskoi riznitse Vladimirskago Rozhdestvena monastyria (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Panagiia, khran. v sinod. Riznitse v Moskve

Panagiia, khran. v sinod. Riznitse v Moskve (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Pantser-shtekher i konchar

Pantser-shtekher i konchar (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Paramnik, poias kozhanyi I glinianaia chashechka. (Naidennye v grobu v tserkvi Spasa na Boru v Moskve.)

Paramnik, poias kozhanyi I glinianaia chashechka. (Naidennye v grobu v tserkvi Spasa na Boru v Moskve.) (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Patriarshaia kareta. (izobrazhenie 1.)

Patriarshaia kareta. (izobrazhenie 1.) (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Patriarshaia kareta. (izobrazhenie 2.)

Patriarshaia kareta. (izobrazhenie 2.) (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Patriarshaia mitra

Patriarshaia mitra (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Patriarshee mesto v Moskovskom Uspenskom sobore

Patriarshee mesto v Moskovskom Uspenskom sobore (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Pernat i dva shestopera

Pernat i dva shestopera (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Petlitsy, pugovitsy i drugiia ukrasheniia tsarskikh platen i stanovykh kaftanov

Petlitsy, pugovitsy i drugiia ukrasheniia tsarskikh platen i stanovykh kaftanov (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Pishchal’ tsaria Alekseia Mikhailovicha, moskovskago dela

Pishchal’ tsaria Alekseia Mikhailovicha, moskovskago dela (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Pishchali

Pishchali (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Podrobnosti almaznikh shapok tsarei Ioanna i Petra Alekseevichei

Podrobnosti almaznikh shapok tsarei Ioanna i Petra Alekseevichei (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
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