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Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev
Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev

Russian, 1801 – 1892
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Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev was a Russian painter and historian of art. His artwork was a major contribution in recording and preserving medieval Russian culture, which was a common subject of his paintings. He was the main author of the fundamental work Antiquities of the Russian State [ru], the main decorator of interiors of the Grand Kremlin Palace in Moscow. He discovered and restored mosaics and frescoes of Saint Sophia's Cathedral and Cathedral of the Dormition of Kiev Pechersk Lavra in Kiev, and of Cathedral of Saint Demetrius in Vladimir.

Fedor Solntsev, together with Metropolitan Philaret and Archimandrite Photius Spassky [ru] are considered the founders of modern Russian icon painting canon synthesizing ancient Russian traditions, post-Petrine efforts and modern art discoveries.

Fedor Solntsev was born in Verkhne-Nikulskoye [ru] a village near Rybinsk in the Yaroslavl Governorate. His parents were serfs of Count Ivan Alekseyevich Musin-Pushkin [ru]. His father, Grigory Konstantinovich Solntsev, worked as a box-office attendant for the Imperial theaters in Saint Petersburg and travelled to the village very infrequently while his mother, Elizaveta Frolovna Solntseva, was a peasant and lived all her life in the village. Fedor spent his early life with his mother and siblings. After discovering his artistic ability, his master freed the Solntsev family, which allowed Fedor to enter the Imperial Academy of Arts in Saint Petersburg in 1815 and became a pupil of Alexei Yegorov and Stepan Shchukin. Later, Fedor's younger brother, Yegor Solntsev also graduated from the Imperial Academy of Art and became a notable painter.

Fedor graduated from the Academy in 1824 receiving a "Lesser Gold Medal" for his painting A Peasant Family. In 1827 he received the "Greater Gold Medal" from the Academy for his painting Render unto Caesar. In 1836 he became a member of the Imperial Academy of Arts for his work Meeting of Grand Duke Sviatoslav with John of Tzimiskes. In 1876 Solntsev was appointed Professor of the Academy.

Fedor Solntsev's work was supported by the President of Imperial Academy of Arts Alexey Olenin and Emperor Nicholas I. The Emperor commissioned Solntsev to decorate dinner parties and embellish his private apartments in the Kremlin. Through his life Solntsev worked on restoration of many Moscow Kremlin buildings including the Grand Kremlin Palace and Kremlin Armoury. He painted Cathedral of Christ the Saviour and other churches in Moscow. Solntsev also worked in Kiev with restoration and describing artefacts of Kiev Pechersk Lavra. He painted the interiors of the Krestovozdvizhenskaya Church [ru] there.

Olenin commissioned Solntsev to describe archaeological and historical artifacts of Russian state. Solntsev started to work in 1830. He made more than 3000 highly detailed drawing of different artifacts including the record of all the Kremlin's riches. Seven hundreds of those drawings made the core for the six-volume publications titled Antiquities of the Russian State. The encyclopedia was published after Olenin's death using the funds provided by Nicholas I. Solntsev also provided a detailed chronicle of Old Russian style in his book Clothing of Russia.

Solntsev died on 3 March 1892 and was buried in Volkovo Cemetery in Saint Petersburg.

476 items

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Berendeika i porokhovnitsa (nakhodiashchiesia v Troitskoi lavre.)

Berendeika i porokhovnitsa (nakhodiashchiesia v Troitskoi lavre.) (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Bilo ili kandiia, ripida i starinnie krestiki

Bilo ili kandiia, ripida i starinnie krestiki (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Bochka iz vostochnago khrustalia, v serebrianoi oprave

Bochka iz vostochnago khrustalia, v serebrianoi oprave (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Boiarskii kaftan XVII stoletiia, pokroi onago i ispodniago plat’ia

Boiarskii kaftan XVII stoletiia, pokroi onago i ispodniago plat’ia (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Bratiny tsaria Alekseia Mikhailovicha

Bratiny tsaria Alekseia Mikhailovicha (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Bulatnyi shchit s zolotoi nasechkoiu

Bulatnyi shchit s zolotoi nasechkoiu (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Bulatnyi shchit

Bulatnyi shchit (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Bulava tsaria Mikhaila Feodorovicha, bulava iz ryb’ei kosti, buzdyhan, podnesennyi tsariu Alekseiu Mikhailovichu v 1658 godu grekom Dmitriem Ostaf’evym

Bulava tsaria Mikhaila Feodorovicha, bulava iz ryb’ei kosti, buzdyhan, podnesennyi tsariu Alekseiu Mikhailovichu v 1658 godu grekom Dmitriem Ostaf’evym (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Buturlyk. V 1-2 nast. velich

Buturlyk. V 1-2 nast. velich (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Charka tsaria Vasiliia Ivanovicha Shuiskago i charka tsaria Mikhaila Feodorovicha

Charka tsaria Vasiliia Ivanovicha Shuiskago i charka tsaria Mikhaila Feodorovicha (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Chasha 1630 goda

Chasha 1630 goda (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Chashechka, pozhalovannaia imperatorom Petrom I tsarevichu Alekseiu Petrovichu

Chashechka, pozhalovannaia imperatorom Petrom I tsarevichu Alekseiu Petrovichu (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Darokhranitel’nitsa. V 1-2 um. (izobrazhenie 1.)

Darokhranitel’nitsa. V 1-2 um. (izobrazhenie 1.) (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Darokhranitel’nitsa. V 1-2 um. (izobrazhenie 2.)

Darokhranitel’nitsa. V 1-2 um. (izobrazhenie 2.) (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Dereviannyi reznoi krest

Dereviannyi reznoi krest (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Dereviannyi shchit, obtianutyi kamkoiu

Dereviannyi shchit, obtianutyi kamkoiu (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Derzhava Monomakhova. (izobrazhenie 2.)

Derzhava Monomakhova. (izobrazhenie 2.) (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Derzhava Monomakhova. (izobrazhenie 3)

Derzhava Monomakhova. (izobrazhenie 3) (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Derzhava tsaria Alekseia Mikailovicha, tsaregradskago dela (izobrazhenie 1.)

Derzhava tsaria Alekseia Mikailovicha, tsaregradskago dela (izobrazhenie 1.) (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Derzhava tsaria Alekseia Mikailovicha. (izobrazhenie 2.)

Derzhava tsaria Alekseia Mikailovicha. (izobrazhenie 2.) (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Derzhava tsaria Petra Alekseevicha

Derzhava tsaria Petra Alekseevicha (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Devichii nariad goroda Torzhka

Devichii nariad goroda Torzhka (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Domashnee plat’e patriarkha Nikona

Domashnee plat’e patriarkha Nikona (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Drevnii zamok

Drevnii zamok (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Drevniia mednyia vrata, nakhodiashchiesia v Moskovskom Uspenskom sobore

Drevniia mednyia vrata, nakhodiashchiesia v Moskovskom Uspenskom sobore (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Drevniia mednyia vrata, v Uspenskom devich’em monastyre goroda Aleksandrova

Drevniia mednyia vrata, v Uspenskom devich’em monastyre goroda Aleksandrova (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Drevniia shitiia barmy. (izobrazhenie 1.)

Drevniia shitiia barmy. (izobrazhenie 1.) (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Drevniia shitiia barmy. (izobrazhenie 2.) V nast velich

Drevniia shitiia barmy. (izobrazhenie 2.) V nast velich (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Drevniia shitiia barmy. (izobrazhenie 3.)

Drevniia shitiia barmy. (izobrazhenie 3.) (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Drevniia zolotiia barmy. (izobrazhenie 3.)

Drevniia zolotiia barmy. (izobrazhenie 3.) (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
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