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Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev
Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev

Russian, 1801 – 1892
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Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev was a Russian painter and historian of art. His artwork was a major contribution in recording and preserving medieval Russian culture, which was a common subject of his paintings. He was the main author of the fundamental work Antiquities of the Russian State [ru], the main decorator of interiors of the Grand Kremlin Palace in Moscow. He discovered and restored mosaics and frescoes of Saint Sophia's Cathedral and Cathedral of the Dormition of Kiev Pechersk Lavra in Kiev, and of Cathedral of Saint Demetrius in Vladimir.

Fedor Solntsev, together with Metropolitan Philaret and Archimandrite Photius Spassky [ru] are considered the founders of modern Russian icon painting canon synthesizing ancient Russian traditions, post-Petrine efforts and modern art discoveries.

Fedor Solntsev was born in Verkhne-Nikulskoye [ru] a village near Rybinsk in the Yaroslavl Governorate. His parents were serfs of Count Ivan Alekseyevich Musin-Pushkin [ru]. His father, Grigory Konstantinovich Solntsev, worked as a box-office attendant for the Imperial theaters in Saint Petersburg and travelled to the village very infrequently while his mother, Elizaveta Frolovna Solntseva, was a peasant and lived all her life in the village. Fedor spent his early life with his mother and siblings. After discovering his artistic ability, his master freed the Solntsev family, which allowed Fedor to enter the Imperial Academy of Arts in Saint Petersburg in 1815 and became a pupil of Alexei Yegorov and Stepan Shchukin. Later, Fedor's younger brother, Yegor Solntsev also graduated from the Imperial Academy of Art and became a notable painter.

Fedor graduated from the Academy in 1824 receiving a "Lesser Gold Medal" for his painting A Peasant Family. In 1827 he received the "Greater Gold Medal" from the Academy for his painting Render unto Caesar. In 1836 he became a member of the Imperial Academy of Arts for his work Meeting of Grand Duke Sviatoslav with John of Tzimiskes. In 1876 Solntsev was appointed Professor of the Academy.

Fedor Solntsev's work was supported by the President of Imperial Academy of Arts Alexey Olenin and Emperor Nicholas I. The Emperor commissioned Solntsev to decorate dinner parties and embellish his private apartments in the Kremlin. Through his life Solntsev worked on restoration of many Moscow Kremlin buildings including the Grand Kremlin Palace and Kremlin Armoury. He painted Cathedral of Christ the Saviour and other churches in Moscow. Solntsev also worked in Kiev with restoration and describing artefacts of Kiev Pechersk Lavra. He painted the interiors of the Krestovozdvizhenskaya Church [ru] there.

Olenin commissioned Solntsev to describe archaeological and historical artifacts of Russian state. Solntsev started to work in 1830. He made more than 3000 highly detailed drawing of different artifacts including the record of all the Kremlin's riches. Seven hundreds of those drawings made the core for the six-volume publications titled Antiquities of the Russian State. The encyclopedia was published after Olenin's death using the funds provided by Nicholas I. Solntsev also provided a detailed chronicle of Old Russian style in his book Clothing of Russia.

Solntsev died on 3 March 1892 and was buried in Volkovo Cemetery in Saint Petersburg.

476 items

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Torch.

Torch. (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Torch

Torch (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Torzhkovskaia odezhda

Torzhkovskaia odezhda (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Tri starinnie podsvechnika

Tri starinnie podsvechnika (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Tsarskaia miropomazannitsa

Tsarskaia miropomazannitsa (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Tsarskie okhotnich’i nozhi i pletki

Tsarskie okhotnich’i nozhi i pletki (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Tsarskie okhotnich’i nozhi

Tsarskie okhotnich’i nozhi (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Tsarskie posokhi i zhezly. 1) Posokh tsaria Mikhaila Feodorovicha. 2) Posokh tsaritsy Evdokii Luk’ianovny

Tsarskie posokhi i zhezly. 1) Posokh tsaria Mikhaila Feodorovicha. 2) Posokh tsaritsy Evdokii Luk’ianovny (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Tsarskie zhezly, posokhi i trosti

Tsarskie zhezly, posokhi i trosti (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Tsarskii napersnyi krest i ‘zolotoi’, pozhalovannyi kniaziu V.V. Golitsynu za Krymskii pokhod

Tsarskii napersnyi krest i ‘zolotoi’, pozhalovannyi kniaziu V.V. Golitsynu za Krymskii pokhod (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Tsarskii saadak bol’shago nariada. Naluchie

Tsarskii saadak bol’shago nariada. Naluchie (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Tsarskii saadak bol’shago nariada

Tsarskii saadak bol’shago nariada (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Tsarskii stanovoi kaftan (izobrazhenie 1.) Slova na okonechnosti rukava po kromke zolotoi tkani v nast. velich

Tsarskii stanovoi kaftan (izobrazhenie 1.) Slova na okonechnosti rukava po kromke zolotoi tkani v nast. velich (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Tsarskiia dveri byvshago Savvina monastyria, bliz g. Tveri. Postavleny pri derzhave tsaria Ioanna Vasil’evicha IV, v 1561 godu

Tsarskiia dveri byvshago Savvina monastyria, bliz g. Tveri. Postavleny pri derzhave tsaria Ioanna Vasil’evicha IV, v 1561 godu (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Tsarskiia dveri tserkvi Savvy Osviashchennago

Tsarskiia dveri tserkvi Savvy Osviashchennago (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Tsarskiia lozhki, nozhi i vilki

Tsarskiia lozhki, nozhi i vilki (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Tsarskoe mesto v Uspenskom sobore v Moskve

Tsarskoe mesto v Uspenskom sobore v Moskve (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Tsarskoe mesto, nakhodiashcheesia v Moskovskom Blagoveshchenskom sobore

Tsarskoe mesto, nakhodiashcheesia v Moskovskom Blagoveshchenskom sobore (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Tulumbas. Verkh tulumbasa. Dno. Voshchaga

Tulumbas. Verkh tulumbasa. Dno. Voshchaga (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Tureckaia bulava; bulava boiarina kn. Vas. Mikh. Lykova; bulava bulatnaia

Tureckaia bulava; bulava boiarina kn. Vas. Mikh. Lykova; bulava bulatnaia (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Vedro

Vedro (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Verkh i zaponi almaznoi shapki tsaria Petra Alekseevicha. (izobrazhenie 2.)

Verkh i zaponi almaznoi shapki tsaria Petra Alekseevicha. (izobrazhenie 2.) (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Verkh shapki Monomakhovoi men’shago nariada. (izobrazhenie 2.)

Verkh shapki Monomakhovoi men’shago nariada. (izobrazhenie 2.) (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Verkh shapki Monomakhovoi. (izobrazhenie 2.)

Verkh shapki Monomakhovoi. (izobrazhenie 2.) (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Vhodnyia dveri v zolotuiu palatu

Vhodnyia dveri v zolotuiu palatu (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Vid moskovskago pechatnago dvora

Vid moskovskago pechatnago dvora (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Vid patriarshago dvora

Vid patriarshago dvora (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Vkhodnyia dveri v Blagoveshchenskom sobore

Vkhodnyia dveri v Blagoveshchenskom sobore (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Vlastelinskii zhezl i kostianoi posokh

Vlastelinskii zhezl i kostianoi posokh (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Voronok tsaritsy Evdokii (voinokiniakh Eleny) Feodorovny

Voronok tsaritsy Evdokii (voinokiniakh Eleny) Feodorovny (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
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