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Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev
Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev

Russian, 1801 – 1892
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Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev was a Russian painter and historian of art. His artwork was a major contribution in recording and preserving medieval Russian culture, which was a common subject of his paintings. He was the main author of the fundamental work Antiquities of the Russian State [ru], the main decorator of interiors of the Grand Kremlin Palace in Moscow. He discovered and restored mosaics and frescoes of Saint Sophia's Cathedral and Cathedral of the Dormition of Kiev Pechersk Lavra in Kiev, and of Cathedral of Saint Demetrius in Vladimir.

Fedor Solntsev, together with Metropolitan Philaret and Archimandrite Photius Spassky [ru] are considered the founders of modern Russian icon painting canon synthesizing ancient Russian traditions, post-Petrine efforts and modern art discoveries.

Fedor Solntsev was born in Verkhne-Nikulskoye [ru] a village near Rybinsk in the Yaroslavl Governorate. His parents were serfs of Count Ivan Alekseyevich Musin-Pushkin [ru]. His father, Grigory Konstantinovich Solntsev, worked as a box-office attendant for the Imperial theaters in Saint Petersburg and travelled to the village very infrequently while his mother, Elizaveta Frolovna Solntseva, was a peasant and lived all her life in the village. Fedor spent his early life with his mother and siblings. After discovering his artistic ability, his master freed the Solntsev family, which allowed Fedor to enter the Imperial Academy of Arts in Saint Petersburg in 1815 and became a pupil of Alexei Yegorov and Stepan Shchukin. Later, Fedor's younger brother, Yegor Solntsev also graduated from the Imperial Academy of Art and became a notable painter.

Fedor graduated from the Academy in 1824 receiving a "Lesser Gold Medal" for his painting A Peasant Family. In 1827 he received the "Greater Gold Medal" from the Academy for his painting Render unto Caesar. In 1836 he became a member of the Imperial Academy of Arts for his work Meeting of Grand Duke Sviatoslav with John of Tzimiskes. In 1876 Solntsev was appointed Professor of the Academy.

Fedor Solntsev's work was supported by the President of Imperial Academy of Arts Alexey Olenin and Emperor Nicholas I. The Emperor commissioned Solntsev to decorate dinner parties and embellish his private apartments in the Kremlin. Through his life Solntsev worked on restoration of many Moscow Kremlin buildings including the Grand Kremlin Palace and Kremlin Armoury. He painted Cathedral of Christ the Saviour and other churches in Moscow. Solntsev also worked in Kiev with restoration and describing artefacts of Kiev Pechersk Lavra. He painted the interiors of the Krestovozdvizhenskaya Church [ru] there.

Olenin commissioned Solntsev to describe archaeological and historical artifacts of Russian state. Solntsev started to work in 1830. He made more than 3000 highly detailed drawing of different artifacts including the record of all the Kremlin's riches. Seven hundreds of those drawings made the core for the six-volume publications titled Antiquities of the Russian State. The encyclopedia was published after Olenin's death using the funds provided by Nicholas I. Solntsev also provided a detailed chronicle of Old Russian style in his book Clothing of Russia.

Solntsev died on 3 March 1892 and was buried in Volkovo Cemetery in Saint Petersburg.

476 items

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A. Nozh koniushago i boiarina Dmitriia Ivanovicha Godunova. B. Charka stol’nika Fed Vas. Buturlina…

A. Nozh koniushago i boiarina Dmitriia Ivanovicha Godunova. B. Charka stol’nika Fed Vas. Buturlina… (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Alebardy i kop’ia

Alebardy i kop’ia (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Almaznaia shapka tsaria Ioanna Alekseevicha (izobrazhenie 1.)

Almaznaia shapka tsaria Ioanna Alekseevicha (izobrazhenie 1.) (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Arkhiereiskii posokh I tsarskaia charochka

Arkhiereiskii posokh I tsarskaia charochka (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Bakhterets rastianutyi

Bakhterets rastianutyi (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Bakhtertsy, ili doshchatye laty

Bakhtertsy, ili doshchatye laty (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Bakhtertsy, v 6 doliu

Bakhtertsy, v 6 doliu (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Bakhtertsy

Bakhtertsy (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Barel’ef, izvestnyi pod imenem obraza Sv. Georgiia

Barel’ef, izvestnyi pod imenem obraza Sv. Georgiia (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Barel’efy tsarskago mesta. (izobrazhenie 1.)

Barel’efy tsarskago mesta. (izobrazhenie 1.) (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Belyi klobuk Novgorodskago arkhiepiskopa Vasiliia

Belyi klobuk Novgorodskago arkhiepiskopa Vasiliia (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Berdyshi i topory

Berdyshi i topory (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Bratina boiarina Nikity Ivanovicha Romanova

Bratina boiarina Nikity Ivanovicha Romanova (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Bratina Vasiliia Matveevicha Dorokanova i dve charki tsaria Mikhaila Feodorovicha

Bratina Vasiliia Matveevicha Dorokanova i dve charki tsaria Mikhaila Feodorovicha (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Bulatnyi buturlyk

Bulatnyi buturlyk (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Bulava blizhnego boiarina kniazia Vasiliia Vasil’evicha Galitsyna i pernat

Bulava blizhnego boiarina kniazia Vasiliia Vasil’evicha Galitsyna i pernat (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Buzdihan kniazia Boriatinskago i shestoper

Buzdihan kniazia Boriatinskago i shestoper (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Chaldar II

Chaldar II (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Chaldar

Chaldar (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Chara XII stoletiya kniazia Vladimira Davydovicha Chernigovskago

Chara XII stoletiya kniazia Vladimira Davydovicha Chernigovskago (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Chasha iashmovaia, ukrashennaia dragotsennymi kamniami i zolotom. Kubok, opravlennyi serebrom. Kubok serebrianyi pozolochennyi

Chasha iashmovaia, ukrashennaia dragotsennymi kamniami i zolotom. Kubok, opravlennyi serebrom. Kubok serebrianyi pozolochennyi (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Chekany

Chekany (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Chernilitsa tsaria Mikhaila Feodorovicha

Chernilitsa tsaria Mikhaila Feodorovicha (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Chetki, kresly I stol patriarkha Nikona, v Voskresenskom Novoierusalimskom monastyre

Chetki, kresly I stol patriarkha Nikona, v Voskresenskom Novoierusalimskom monastyre (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Chudotvornyi obraz Vladimirskoi Bozhiei Materi. Khromolitografiia F. Dregera.

Chudotvornyi obraz Vladimirskoi Bozhiei Materi. Khromolitografiia F. Dregera. (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Darokhranitel’nitsa, nazyvaemaia ‘Ierusalim’, sdelannaia pri V.K. Ioanne Vasil’eviche, v 1466 godu

Darokhranitel’nitsa, nazyvaemaia ‘Ierusalim’, sdelannaia pri V.K. Ioanne Vasil’eviche, v 1466 godu (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Dereviannyi krest, nakhodiaschiisia v chasovne sela Alekseevskago. Fasad kolomenskago dvortsa s vostochnoi storony

Dereviannyi krest, nakhodiaschiisia v chasovne sela Alekseevskago. Fasad kolomenskago dvortsa s vostochnoi storony (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Derzhava Monomakhova. (izobrazhenie 1.)

Derzhava Monomakhova. (izobrazhenie 1.) (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Drevniaia kostianaia bratina

Drevniaia kostianaia bratina (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
Drevniia zolotiia barmy. (izobrazhenie 1.)

Drevniia zolotiia barmy. (izobrazhenie 1.) (1849 - 1853)

Fedor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian, 1801 – 1892)
Illustration
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